{
  "example_kind": "original synthetic manual planning case",
  "slug": "paired-process-change-observation",
  "title": "Compare matched work cases in a process pilot",
  "scenario": "Synthetic planning case: Four matched rehearsal tasks are timed before and after a process change. Times in minutes are A10→8,B12→12,C14→11,D16→15; repeated practice may also affect the result.",
  "layout": "evaluation",
  "dataset": {
    "heading": "Inspect the invented case records",
    "headers": [
      "Matched task",
      "Before minutes",
      "After minutes",
      "Before minus after"
    ],
    "rows": [
      [
        "A",
        "10",
        "8",
        "2"
      ],
      [
        "B",
        "12",
        "12",
        "0"
      ],
      [
        "C",
        "14",
        "11",
        "3"
      ],
      [
        "D",
        "16",
        "15",
        "1"
      ]
    ]
  },
  "derivation": "Total paired reduction=2+0+3+1=6 minutes over four tasks; mean reduction=1.5. Before mean 13 and after 11.5 preserve the same matched cases.",
  "result": "The paired reductions are two, zero, three and one minutes, averaging 1.5. Keep the unchanged B case and the practice limitation rather than claiming every task improved because of the change.",
  "boundary": "The guide preserves matched differences and exceptions rather than comparing unrelated aggregate groups.",
  "limitations": "A four-case paired illustration is not a causal or statistically calibrated process evaluation.",
  "sources": [
    "nist"
  ],
  "tasks": [
    [
      "Verify paired identity",
      "Pilot recorder",
      "Each before/after row concerns the same defined rehearsal task."
    ],
    [
      "Retain case-level differences",
      "Reviewer",
      "The zero-change B row remains visible beside the other reductions."
    ],
    [
      "Investigate alternative explanations",
      "Process lead",
      "Practice, order and changing conditions are considered before attributing the result."
    ]
  ],
  "faqs": [
    [
      "May I compare unmatched before/after averages instead?",
      "That answers a different question and can mix different task composition. Preserve pairing when it is the intended design."
    ],
    [
      "Does a positive mean prove the process caused improvement?",
      "No. These invented repeated rehearsals leave practice and other explanations unresolved."
    ]
  ],
  "method_references": [
    {
      "id": "nist",
      "title": "NIST combinatorial testing",
      "url": "https://www.nist.gov/publications/combinatorial-testing",
      "scope": "Combination-coverage context. Invented review/state examples do not prove full fault coverage, certification or product behavior."
    }
  ]
}